What is Typhoid fever?
Typhoid fever, commonly known as typhoid is a disease caused by the bacteria called Salmonella serotype Typhi. It is mainly spread by eating or drinking contaminated food or water. Those who have not been exposed to pathogens and undigested contaminated drinking water or food are most of the risk of developing symptoms. This disease mainly occurs in human beings, not in the animals. Let’s discuss the symptoms, causes and prevention of Typhoid.
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Symptoms:
Symptoms vary from mild to severe and usually begin and lasts up to six to 30 Days. It often starts with a high fever for several days accompanied by weakness, abdominal pain, constipation, headaches, and mild vomiting. Some people develop a skin rash with spots. One may also get affected by Diarrhea.
Causes:
- Contaminated Food and Water: Typhoid is usually spread through the indigestion of food or water contaminated by the feces or urine of an infected person
- Carriers: Typhoid is caused by the bacterium called Salmonella Serotype, Some individuals who have recovered from typhoid can become carriers of the bacteria, only Humans are the only carriers of the bacterium not any animal.
- Poor Sanitation: Lack of access to clean water and proper sanitation facilities may increase the risk of typhoid transmission.
Prevention:
Sanitation and hygiene are important to prevent typhoid. It can spread only in environments where human feces can come into contact with food or drinking water. Careful food preparation and washing of hands are crucial to prevent typhoid. However, there are several other prevention that one may follow.
- Vaccination: To decrease the rates of typhoid fever in developing countries, the World Health Organization (WHO) promoted the use of a vaccine in the year 1999. Vaccination has proven effective at controlling the risk of typhoid.
- Clean Water: Drinking clean and purified water play a very important role in preventing from the risk of typhoid always avoid consuming ice or beverages prepared with contaminated water.
- Clean and hygienic Food: Consuming clean and hygienic food that is cooked thoroughly, avoiding street food and raw fruits and vegetables unless they have been washed with safe water or peeled may also help in preventing typhoid.
- Sanitation: Use of proper sanitation facilities and promoting hygiene practices in communities to reduce the risk of contamination
- Hand Hygiene: Washing your hand thoroughly with soap or clean water before eating and after using toilets may work as a better preventive measure that an individual may include surely.
- Avoiding close Contact: Limiting contact with a person who known or suspected to have typhoid until they have completed their treatment.
Moreover, Travelling with precautions and following travel advisories and consulting a healthcare professional for a treatment and further guidance on typhoid fever may help in reducing the risk of Typhoid fever.